The Role of Zoos in Amphibian Conservation. III. Species- Specific Conservation Programs.
The following is a list of intensively managed, species- specific programs. In more- or- less chronologic order of organized zoo involvement, the.
Japanese Giant Salamander (Andrias. Status: USFWS Endangered, IUCN Near Threatened, CITES ISummarized by: Kevin Zippel, Detroit Zoo (zippelk[at]yahoo[dot]com)Contact person: overall project: Haruo Otsu, Asa Zoo(otsu[at]asazoo[dot]jp). Diane Barber, Ft. Worth Zoo (dbarber[at]fortworthzoo[dot]org) Asa Zoo in Hiroshima, Japan has been working with the. Japanese giant salamander since 1.
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Efforts include rescue of animals. Captive breeding has occurred annually since 1. Kuwabara et al. 1. No reintroduction or restocking has.
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A number of offspring have been imported to AZA. US. Maruska. (1. 98.
Cincinnati Zoo reviewed husbandry and propagation of. Japanese giant salamander. A newly formed AZA group, the Cryptobranchid.
Interest Group (CIG) , aims to work towards the conservation of. This group provides funds to Sumio Okada.
Japanese biologist studying movement patterns and population structure. A. japonicus. The National Zoo also helps to financially. Sumioís work.© 1. Brad Moon. Ozark Hellbender (Cryptobranchus. Status: not classified. Summarized by: Ron Goellner, St. Louis Zoo (goellner[at]stlzoo[dot]org)Contact person: Ron Goellner, St.
Louis Zoo (goellner[at]stlzoo[dot]org). The hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) is the largest. North America. Two subspecies of hellbender. The Ozark hellbender (Cryptobranchus. Ozark Plateau of south- central. Missouri and northern Arkansas and inhabits streams and rivers that. Black - White River drainage system.
Like many other. species of aquatic wildlife, the hellbender's populations have been. The St. Louis Zoo has been working with.
Ozark animals. and manipulated their photoperiod and water temperature to bring them. In the mid- 8. 0s. Eric. Routman, then a grad student at Washington University doing his Ph.
D. work on a genetic analysis of hellbenders. When Eric started, he needed. Then, in the early 9. Arkansas were disappearing. Missouri Department of Conservation (MDC) asked the zoo. Current, Jack's Fork and North.
Fork of the White rivers. The result of the survey concluded that. Missouri. However, five years later. Arkansas had experienced, with. At the current rate.
Missouri. and Arkansas, which means extinction for the Ozark hellbender. The. zoo has teamed up with a number of concerned organizations, including. MDC and USFWS, in an effort to save Ozark hellbenders. The zoo's. Hellbender Conservation Center (HCC) is working on developing effective. If we are successful, the zoo would be in a position to headstart. MDC. The zoo is currently rearing about 1.
C. a. bishopi and C. Some of these animals. St. Louis University and Southern. Missouri State University for behavioral research on predator recognition. MDC). from visual and olfactory cues.
When they are large enough to take. The HCC also supports evaluations of.
Zoo sponsored research dealing with water quality analysis, endocrine. Dr. Yue- wern Huang. University of Missouri- Rolla). Public awareness concerning the plight. MDC. A newly formed AZA group, the Cryptobranchid. Interest Group (CIG), aims to work towards the conservation of. This group provides funds to Jeff.
Humphries, a Clemson University biologist studying various elements. South Carolina. Houston Toad (Bufo. Status: USFWS Endangered, IUCN Endangered. Summarized by: Paul Crump, Houston Zoo pcrump[at]houstonzoo[dot]org. Contact person: overall project: Andy Price Texas Parks and Wildlife. Department (andy[dot]price[at]tpwd[dot]state[dot]tx[dot]us) or zoo.
Stan Mays, Houston Zoo (stanmays[at]aol[dot]com) Originally described in 1. Houston toad is found in association. Post Oak Savannah vegetation regions. Texas. The toad declined sharply in distribution and.
Texas' severe drought in the 1. It was placed on the original Endangered Species List in 1. In. 1. 97. 7, Dr.
David Jameson of the University of Houston completed a thorough. Houston toad in the Greater Houston Area. The results indicated.
Harris County. The following year. Houston Zoo began a captive propagation/release and relocation. As only one population of Houston. Bastrop County, the Recovery. Team identified the need for a satellite population to be established. The Attwater Prairie. National Wildlife Refuge (which is within the historical range of.
From. 1. 98. 3 to 1. Houston toads of different life stages were. Wildlife Refuge. During the first four years of the. Those released. during the final year were not as it was felt toe clipping might have. Problems encountered and overcome. Solenopsis invicta) predation. Unfortunately. a lack of funds prevented additional field surveys and halted captive.
Houston Zoo. However, recent surveys have indicated. Texas. The population in Bastrop County is. State and Federal. No wild populations have been found in any county in the.
Greater Houston Area. Although several clutches were found at Attwater. For additional. information see Harwell and Quinn (1. Quinn (1. 98. 0), Quinn et al. Seal (1. 99. 4). Puerto Rican Crested Toad (Bufo. Status: USFWS Threatened, IUCN Critically Endangered, AZA SSPSummarized by: Bob Johnson, Toronto Zoo (bjohnson[at]torontozoo[dot]ca)Contact person: Bob Johnson, Toronto Zoo (bjohnson[attorontozoo[dot]ca)The crested toad is endemic to Puerto Rico and Virgin Gorda. Historical. changes to its habitat since Spanish settlement include clearing of.
The introduction. Bufo marinus). might also have contributed to crested toad decline.
Thought to be. extinct until 1. Puerto Rico (near Quebradillas) and subsequently. Guanica Forest. Preserve).
No toads have been seen in the northern population since. Southern. populations are only found in the Guanica Forest Preserve and have. The southern population is estimated. Captive work with this species began. Mayaguez Zoo; offspring produced there in 1. US zoos, including Buffalo Zoo where they first bred in 1. An SSP was formed in 1.
USFWS Recovery Plan to set conservation. Puerto Ricans in their recovery. Efforts include education and habitat. The SSP is supporting high school students who.
Puerto Rico. and have a special biology club with the toad as their logo. The 2. 3. zoos and aquaria in the SSP along with our Puerto Rican partners including.
Guanica Forest Manager, the Puerto Rican DNR. USFWS, construct new ponds for toads; install gates and signs.
Juan Rivero Zoo in Mayaguez to help in their conservation. Puerto Rican wildlife, including the toad; and support. Puerto Rican graduate students.
In captivity, the toads are managed genetically. Guanica population and its single breeding pond. Captive- bred. tadpoles are sent back to Puerto Rico for release to the wild with. Two artificial. release ponds have been constructed to receive the captive bred tadpoles. Releases began in 1. About 1. 00,0. 00 tadpoles have. In 2. 00. 3 the first adult toads.
Toronto Zoo biologists are also studying hormonal induction. LHRH and h. CG. For additional information, see Paine (1. Johnson (1. 99. 4).© 2. Chris Mattison. Mallorcan Midwife Toad (Alytes. Status: IUCN Vulnerable. Summarized by: Kevin Buley, Chester Zoo , (K.
Buley[at]chesterzoo[dot]co[dot]uk). Richard Griffiths, Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology. R. A. Griffiths@ukc. Contact person: Gerardo Garcia, Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust. This species was described from fossils on the island of Mallorca.
It was presumed to have gone extinct sometime in the preceding. Natrix maura) and competing. Rana perezei) were introduced to the island. However. several relict populations were discovered in remote mountains on.
The Durrell. Wildlife Conservation Trust (DWCT, then the Jersey Wildlife Preservation. Trust) and the Mallorcan Consellaria d'Agriculturai Pesca (CDAP) formed.
The first reintroduction of captive- bred toads occurred. Mallorcan government, 7. CDAP. Since then, releases of both young toads and larvae. Follow- up surveys revealed tadpoles. Captive husbandry continues today at. DWCT, Open University, Barcelona Zoo, the Durrell Institute of Conservation.
Ecology at the University of Kent (DICE), Marineland Park in Mallorca. Stuttgart Museum and Stuttgart Zoo. To date, release of captive- bred. It. is thought that there are currently between 1. As of 2. 00. 2, reintroductions have ceased pending detailed.
DICE staff members are researching. A manuscript in press indicates natural responses to predators seem. Educational initiatives. Mallorca (one. at Lluc and the other Valldemossa), and staff from the Mallorcan Conselleria.
For. additional information, see Buley and Garcia (1. Mallison (1. 99. 8). Buley and Gonzalez (2. Alexander Haas. Natterjack Toad (Bufo.
Status: Britain Endangered, IUCN Least Concern. Summarized by: Kevin Zippel, Detroit Zoo , (Zippel. K[at]zoo[dot]ci[dot]detroit[dot]mi[dot]us)Contact person: overall project: John Buckley, Herpetological Conservation. Trust , (john. buckley[at]herpconstrust[dot]org[dot]uk) or zoo: Emma.
Hutchins, Marwell Zoo , (emmah[at]marwell[dot]org[dot]uk)The natterjack toad has been declining since the early 1. Recovery efforts involve intensive habitat management and restoration. The reintroduction program has been. Denton et al. 1. 99. The majority of releases involved translocating wild tadpoles. There have been some releases of captive- bred.
Marwell Zoo has had. In 1. 99. 7, Marwell produced ~1. For additional information, see Raw and Pilkington (1. Edgar (1. 99. 0), Banks et al. Denton et al. (1. Arie van der Meijden Agile Frog (Rana. Status: IUCN Least Concern.
Summarized by: Kevin Buley, Chester Zoo, (K[dot]Buley[at]chesterzoo[dot]co[dot]uk)Contact person: Gerardo Garcia, Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust. The agile frog is distributed widely throughout much of southern.
Europe, but is found in only a few northern locations. Jersey - the frog is not found elsewhere in the British. Isles. The Jersey population has been declining in both range and. In the 1. 97. 0's only seven localities. In 1. 98. 7, one of the remaining.